基于顾客分类的生鲜农产品二次补货策略

中国管理科学 ›› 2012, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (6): 87-93.

基于顾客分类的生鲜农产品二次补货策略

但斌^1,2, 丁松^1,3

1. 重庆大学经济与工商管理学院,重庆 400044;
2. 重庆大学现代物流重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400044;
3. 东方付通信息技术有限公司,上海 200941

收稿日期:2010-09-14 修回日期:2012-09-11 出版日期:2012-12-29 发布日期:2012-12-28
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(70972056, 71272086).

The Second-replenishment Policy for Fresh Agricultural Product Under Customer Classification

DAN Bin^1,2, DING Song^1,3

1. College of Economics & Business Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;
2. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Logistics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;
3. Easternpay Information & Technology Co, Ltd, Shanghai 200941, China

Received:2010-09-14 Revised:2012-09-11 Online:2012-12-29 Published:2012-12-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 零售商为弥补生鲜农产品新鲜度降低造成的顾客流失,选择在单销售期内二次补货,将新鲜产品和初始订货的非新鲜产品同时销售。但二次补货的新鲜产品会对初始订货产品形成需求挤兑。将顾客划分为三种类型:只购买新鲜产品、只够买折扣产品和两种产品都愿意购买,引入需求挤兑因子的概念,讨论了不同顾客类型下需求挤兑效应对零售商订货决策和利润的影响,并与单次订货策略做比较。结论表明,随着顾客对产品品质和新鲜度要求不断提高,二次补货策略能有效降低订货总量,提升零售商利润水平;不但优化了经济效益,更具有减少产品损耗和节约社会资源、增加消费者福利水平的社会效益。

关键词: 生鲜农产品, 订货策略, 二次补货, 需求挤兑, 顾客分类

Abstract: In order to make up for customer loss resulting from the freshness reduction of product, retailers select the second-replenishment policy during a single sale period, in which fresh product and original product are on sale at the same time.However, the fresh product will cannibalize a part of demand for the original one.In this study, customers are divided into three types: fresh product only, price discount only and those without preference. The conception of demand cannibalization coefficient is introduced, how demand cannibalization affects retailers' ordering decision and profit under different customer classification is discussed, and the traditional single-order policy is used as a comparison.Conclusion proves that, since customers focus more attention on product’s quality such as freshness, the second-replenishment policy is able to effectively cut down retailers’ ordering quantity and improve their profit; it has not only economic benefits but also social effects, such as lowing down product loss, saving public resources and enriching customers’ consuming experiences.

Key words: fresh agricultural product, ordering policy, the second-replenishment policy, demand cannibalization, customer classification

中图分类号:

F253.4

但斌, 丁松. 基于顾客分类的生鲜农产品二次补货策略[J]. 中国管理科学, 2012, 20(6): 87-93.

DAN Bin, DING Song. The Second-replenishment Policy for Fresh Agricultural Product Under Customer Classification[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2012, 20(6): 87-93.

参考文献

[1] Du Xiaofang, Leung S, Zhang Jinlong, et al.Procurement of agricultural products using the CPFR approach[J].Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 2009, 14 (4): 253-258.
[2] Chen Chenyuan, Lee W I, Kuo Huiming, et al.The study of a forecasting sales model for fresh food[J].Expert Systems with Applications, 2010, 37(12): 7696-7702.
[3] Suwan-Achariya C, Suwanmanee N.Logistics cost in purchasing and selling pigs[J].International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 2012, (87): 166-175.
[4] 肖勇波, 陈剑, 徐小林.到岸价格商务模式下涉及远距离运输的时鲜产品供应链协调[J].系统工程理论与实践, 2008, 28 (2): 19-25.
[5] Cai Xiaoqiang, Chen Jian, Xiao Yongbo, et al.Optimization and coordination of fresh product supply chains with freshness-keeping effort[J].Production and Operations Management, 2010, 19(3): 261-278.
[6] 但斌, 王磊, 李宇雨.考虑消费者效用与保鲜的生鲜农产品EOQ模型[J].中国管理科学, 2011, 19(1): 100-108.
[7] Kalpakam S, Baron O, Berman O, et al.Continuous review inventory models for perishable items ordered in batches[J].Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, 2010, 72(1): 1-31.
[8] Minner S, Transchel S.Periodic review inventory-control for perishable products under service-level constraints[J].OR Spectrum, 2010, 32 (4): 979-996.
[9] 宋华明, 杨慧, 罗建强, 等.需求预测更新情形下的供应链Stackelberg博弈与协调研究[J].中国管理科学, 2010, 18(4): 86-92.
[10] Sivakumar B, Arivarignan G.A perishable inventory system with service facilities and negative customers[J].Information and Management Sciences, 2006, 17 (2): 1-18.
[11] Sivakumar B.A perishable inventory system with retrial demands and a finite population[J].Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, 2009, 224 (1): 29-38.
[12] Swaminathan J M, Srinivasan R.Managing individual customer service constraints under stochastic demand[J].Operations Research Letters, 1999, 24 (3): 1115-125.
[13] Parlar M, Perry D, Stadje W.FIFO Versus LIFO Issuing policies for stochastic perishable inventory systems[J].Methodology and Computing in Applied Probability, 2010, 12 (1): 1-13.
[14] Whitin T M.Theory of inventory management[M].Princeton University Press, 1957.

[1]	曹晓宁, 王永明, 薛方红, 刘晓冰. 供应商保鲜努力的生鲜农产品双渠道供应链协调决策研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2021, 29(3): 109-118.
[2]	刘墨林, 但斌, 马崧萱. 考虑保鲜努力与增值服务的生鲜电商供应链最优决策与协调[J]. 中国管理科学, 2020, 28(8): 76-88.
[3]	周继祥, 王勇, 邱晗光. 部分信息下生鲜农产品采购外包问题研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2020, 28(7): 122-131.
[4]	周建亨, 冉芸. 基于策略性竞争博弈的供应链信息共享策略[J]. 中国管理科学, 2019, 27(6): 88-102.
[5]	熊峰, 方剑宇, 袁俊, 金鹏. 盟员行为偏好下生鲜农产品供应链生鲜努力激励机制与协调研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2019, 27(4): 115-126.
[6]	邵腾伟, 吕秀梅. 基于消费者主权的生鲜电商消费体验设置[J]. 中国管理科学, 2018, 26(8): 118-126.
[7]	刘健, 赵洪款, 刘思峰. 基于顾客不公平规避的服务定价研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2018, 26(2): 46-53.
[8]	唐跃武, 范体军, 刘莎. 考虑策略性消费者的生鲜农产品定价和库存决策[J]. 中国管理科学, 2018, 26(11): 105-113.
[9]	浦徐进, 金德龙. 生鲜农产品供应链的运作效率比较:单一“农超对接”vs.双渠道[J]. 中国管理科学, 2017, 25(1): 98-105.
[10]	杨亚, 范体军, 张磊. 新鲜度信息不对称下生鲜农产品供应链协调[J]. 中国管理科学, 2016, 24(9): 147-155.
[11]	秦娟娟. 时变供需下基于商业信用的零售商最优订货策略[J]. 中国管理科学, 2016, 24(3): 89-98.
[12]	周建亨, 蒋碧云. 水平竞争条件下的供应链信息泄露策略[J]. 中国管理科学, 2016, 24(11): 81-93.
[13]	邵腾伟, 吕秀梅. 基于F2F的生鲜农产品C2B众筹预售定价[J]. 中国管理科学, 2016, 24(11): 146-152.
[14]	何志毅, 陈正惠. 基于天然气客户的消费波动特征与顾客分类研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2015, 23(8): 132-138.
[15]	浦徐进, 范旺达, 吴亚. 渠道模式、努力投入与生鲜农产品供应链运作效率研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2015, 23(12): 105-112.