制造商竞争环境下基于产品生命周期的闭环供应链的定价和生产策略研究

中国管理科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (3): 96-103.

制造商竞争环境下基于产品生命周期的闭环供应链的定价和生产策略研究

黄永¹, 孙浩², 达庆利¹

1. 东南大学经济管理学院, 江苏南京 211189;
2. 青岛大学国际商学院, 山东青岛 266071

收稿日期:2011-11-09 修回日期:2012-12-31 出版日期:2013-06-30 发布日期:2013-06-20
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71202142)

Research on Pricing and Producing Policy of Closed-Loop Supply Chain Based on Product Life-Cycle in Manufacturer Competing Settings

HUANG Yong¹, SUN Hao², DA Qing-li¹

1. School of Economics and Management, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China;
2. International Business College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China

Received:2011-11-09 Revised:2012-12-31 Online:2013-06-30 Published:2013-06-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究制造商竞争环境下基于产品生命周期的闭环供应链的定价和生产策略:产品第一个生命周期中,只有一个制造商利用原材料生产新制造产品,从第二个周期开始制造商生产新品的同时进行回收再制造、并且出现替代品生产商的竞争。建立两周期双寡头垄断的闭环供应链定价和生产优化模型,得到最优策略,然后将其扩展到多周期和无限周期的情况。结果表明:两周期中制造商应根据再制造成本节约的大小而采取不同的定价和生产策略;多周期中,除第一和最后一个周期外,制造商应采取相同的策略;无限周期中,制造商应在出现竞争后一直采用相同策略。三种情况下,制造商都应在第一周期中低价销售产品来保证第二周期中能回收更多的产品用于再制造以取得低成本的竞争优势;而且随着再制造产品成本节约的增大,制造商旳利润和销售量增大,并且竞争者的利润和销售量减小。算例验证了上述结论。

关键词: 闭环供应链, 再制造, 产品生命周期, 制造商竞争, 定价策略, 生产策略

Abstract: Pricing and producing policy is studied on the closed-loop supply chain based on product life cycle in manufacturer competing settings, in which completely new products are produced by single manufacturer by using raw material in the first product life cycle. However besides new products, used products are recycled and remanufactured from the second period on. And at the same time, alternatives manufacturer arises. A two-period duopoly supply chain model is established and its optimal pricing and producing policy is derived. And then it is expanded to cases of multi-period and infinite-period. Results show that the different pricing policy will be employed according to the saving of remanufacturing unit product in two-period model, the same pricing policy will be utilized in all periods except the first period and the last in multi-period model, and the identical pricing policy will be implemented when the competition arises in infinite-period model. For all the three cases above, in order to decrease manufacturer’s cost and obtain advantages when facing competition, a lower price in the first period will be adopted to collect more cores. As the cost saving of remanufacturing increases, manufacturer’s profits and sales increase, and competitor’s profits and sales decrease. Finally a numerical example is given to prove the above conclusions.

Key words: closed-loop supply chain, remanufacturing, product life cycle, manufacturer competition, pricing policy, producing policy

中图分类号:

F252

黄永, 孙浩, 达庆利. 制造商竞争环境下基于产品生命周期的闭环供应链的定价和生产策略研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2013, 21(3): 96-103.

HUANG Yong, SUN Hao, DA Qing-li. Research on Pricing and Producing Policy of Closed-Loop Supply Chain Based on Product Life-Cycle in Manufacturer Competing Settings[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2013, 21(3): 96-103.

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