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中国管理科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 46-56.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2021.1414cstr: 32146.14.j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2021.1414

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电商平台与竞争性商家数据赋能策略研究

胡强1,2,谢家平1,3(),张广思1,3   

  1. 1.上海财经大学商学院, 上海 200433
    2.上海财经大学浙江学院, 浙江 金华 321013
    3.新疆财经大学工商管理学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830012
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-18 修回日期:2021-11-04 出版日期:2024-06-25 发布日期:2024-07-03
  • 通讯作者: 谢家平 E-mail:jiaping@mail.shufe.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD060);国家社会科学基金重点项目(20AJY008);国家社会科学基金项目(22BGL120);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(23YJC630054);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2022D01B119)

Digital Empowerment Strategies of E-commerce Platform and Competitive Merchants

Qiang Hu1,2,Jiaping Xie1,3(),Guangsi Zhang1,3   

  1. 1.College of Business, Shanghai University of Finance & Economics, Shanghai 200433, China
    2.Shanghai University of Finance & Economics Zhejiang College, Jinhua 321013, China
    3.School of Business Administration, Xinjiang University of Finance and Economics, Urumqi 830012, China
  • Received:2021-07-18 Revised:2021-11-04 Online:2024-06-25 Published:2024-07-03
  • Contact: Jiaping Xie E-mail:jiaping@mail.shufe.edu.cn

摘要:

随着数字经济的发展,平台型企业凭借大数据技术优势向入驻商家实施数据赋能策略,帮助平台与商家实现价值共创。本文考虑具有竞争关系的两个商家入驻同一电商平台,平台向商家有偿提供数据赋能服务,运用Hotelling模型刻画市场需求,构建电商平台与竞争性商家间的博弈模型,讨论电商平台数据赋能策略的实施方案,分析两个商家对数据赋能服务选择的博弈均衡,最后通过数值算例对结论进行验证。研究表明:电商平台数据赋能服务的收费标准影响竞争性商家是否接受数据赋能的博弈均衡,电商平台应根据不同条件决策是否实施数据赋能策略,在不同实施条件下制定相应的最佳收费标准及最优投资力度。本文为平台型企业大数据实施策略和入驻商家的运营决策提供理论参考。

关键词: 电商平台, 数据赋能, 竞争性商家, Hotelling模型

Abstract:

With the development of digital economy, digital construction has attracted attention from all walks of life. The government is accelerating the digital reform to improve the modernization of government governance, and enterprises are accelerating digital transformation to seek a living space in a new market environment. Digital empowerment can improve the operational efficiency of enterprises, and better serve consumers and create greater business value through demand creation, value co-creation and supply chain reconstruction. For example, Alibaba’s “Business Staff” data services, more than 30 million merchants have enjoyed the data services brought by Alibaba’s big data technology. Amazon’s “Selling Coach” allows merchants to track several key indicators on Amazon.com, including sales, traffic, and conversion rates. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study how e-commerce platforms implement digital empowerment strategies and whether the merchants choose to accept paid digital empowerment services.Two competitive merchants settled on an e-commerce platform are considered in this paper, and a digital empowerment strategy that is a fee-based data service provided by the e-commerce platform to merchants is studied. The Hotelling model is used to characterize the market demand, and the Stackelberg game models between the e-commerce platform and the competitive merchants are constructed in four scenarios: (i) No digital empowerment (ND); (ii) Digital empowerment is only accepted by the relatively superior merchant (DH); (iii) Digital empowerment is only accepted by the relatively inferior merchant (DL); (iv) Digital empowerment are accepted by both merchants (DD). According to the game equilibriums, the implementation plan of the digital empowerment strategy of the e-commerce platform is discussed, and the two merchants’ choices of the digital empowerment service are analyzed. Finally, the conclusions are verified by numerical examples, and the impacts of important parameters on the profits of all parties and the implementation and selection of the digital empowerment strategy are intuitively reflected.In this paper, the main conclusions and managerial implications are summarized as follows: (i) Whether merchants decide to accept the digital empowerment service depends on the charging standard, and the level of the charging standard also affects the Nash equilibrium of the two competitive merchants. The game equilibrium conditions of only the relatively superior merchant and both merchants choosing to accept the digital empowerment service, and the conditions of both merchants choosing not to accept the digital empowerment service are obtained. (ii) The e-commerce platform can determine the digital empowerment scenario based on the principle of profit maximization, and the optimal charging standard of digital empowerment service and the e-commerce platform’s digital empowerment level under each digital empowerment scenarios are obtained. Based on this, the e-commerce platform carries out strategic investment in the field of big data and implementation of digital empowerment strategies. (iii) The degree of difference between the superior and inferior merchants in the market (mainly refers to the difference between the level of data application by merchants and the unit production cost of products) is more conducive to promoting e-commerce platforms to invest in the field of big data, relatively speaking, e-commerce platforms prefer digital empowerment for superior merchants to inferior merchants, and expect that the quality of merchants is different, rather than convergent. For example, the quality of merchants settled on e-commerce platforms such as JD.com and Tmall.com is diversified. (iv) To a certain extent, the digital empowerment strategy leads to intensifying the market competition. As far as the relatively inferior merchants are concerned, they need to improve their level of data utilization and reduce the unit production cost to narrow the gap with the superior merchants, thereby enhancing their competitiveness in the market.The e-commerce platform’s digital empowerment strategy and competitive merchants’ choices of the digital empowerment service are explored, which can guide the ecommerce platform to implement digital empowerment strategies and help guide the formulation of charging standards and the investment intensity of digital empowerment. In addition, a reference for whether merchants choose to accept the digital empowerment service is provided, including relatively superior and inferior merchants. It enriches the theory of platform-based operations and supply chain management for this paper.

Key words: e-commerce platform, digital empowerment, competitive merchants, Hotelling model

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