碳配额下碳交易对碳减排效应的影响及协调机制研究

doi:10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2023.0576

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究碳配额交易对碳减排效应的影响及对其协调机制，本文基于碳配额交易分别建立分散决策下零部件商与生产商单独减排投资、共同减排投资以及集中决策减排投资模型，对比不同减排投资模式下产品减排水平、产品定价效应及销量、供应链收益。研究发现：（1）碳配额交易下，集中决策较分散决策下产品减排水平更高，且分散决策下共同减排模式下产品减排水平最高。（2）供应链上下游企业进行减排将会提升产品销售量及供应链收益，集中决策下产品销量与供应链收益均高于分散决策。（3）碳配额交易下，供应链上下游共同减排投资并签订收益共享—成本分摊契约，能够实现集中决策模式下的最优协调机制。

关键词: 碳配额交易, 碳减排投资, 协调机制, 供应链

Abstract:

In the face of escalating global concerns about climate change， industries ubiquitously confront the daunting task of mitigating their carbon footprints. The manufacturing sector， a pivotal arena for the attainment of the “dual carbon” objectives， is experiencing an exigent demand for holistic emission curtailment throughout its supply chain. This investigation elucidates the ramifications of carbon quota trading in refining carbon mitigation methodologies and their synergistic frameworks. Leveraging insights from carbon quota trading， models are formulated under a decentralized decision-making paradigm， wherein component vendors and manufacturers undertake emission reductions either in isolation or collaboratively. A centralized emission reduction decision-making model is also proposed. The carbon reduction magnitudes， product price structures， sales trajectories， and supply chain advantages are juxtaposed across these divergent emission curtailment models. Predicated on the intensity of emission abatement and value generation， the quintessential model for emission reduction within the ambit of carbon quota trading is indentified.Drawing on the example of a tire manufacturing supply chain， Company A （an upstream component purveyor） delivers essential rubber additives and adjuncts requisite for Company B's （a downstream tire producer） manufacturing processes. Collectively， this firm' strategic initiatives within the supply chain facilitate pronounced carbon reduction in products. The findings underscore that galvanizing supply chain stakeholders to coalesce via profit-sharing and cost-allocation agreements not only averts losses stemming from game-theoretic dynamics but also accentuates the scale of emission abatement and amplifies supply chain yields. Such insights proffer invaluable strategic direction for government entities striving to expedite emission reduction trajectories in the manufacturing domain， concurrently furnishing a theoretical scaffold for supply chain businesses aspiring for win-win synergies.The primary findings of the research are as follows　（1） Within the carbon quota trading framework， a centralized decision-making approach engenders a more pronounced product emission diminution than its decentralized counterpart. Notably， the concurrent emission abatement strategy within the decentralized model manifests the most substantial product emission curtailment. （2） Emission abatement endeavors spearheaded by both upstream and downstream entities in the supply chain augment product turnover and enhance the cumulative supply chain yield. Products' turnover and supply chain yields under a centralized framework conspicuously eclipse those under decentralized decision-making. （3） Pertaining to carbon quota trading， supply chain entities can actualize an optimal coordination blueprint intrinsic to the centralized model by mutually committing to emission reductions and initiating profit-sharing and cost-allocation compacts.

Key words: carbon quota trading, carbon emission reduction technology, coordination mechanism, supply chain

中图分类号:

F272

李飚,夏西强,李秋月. 碳配额下碳交易对碳减排效应的影响及协调机制研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2024, 32(8): 250-260.

Biao Li,Xiqiang Xia,Qiuyue Li. Research on the Influence of Carbon Trading on Carbon Emission Reduction Effect and Coordination Mechanism under Carbon Quotas[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2024, 32(8): 250-260.

图/表 8

图1

表1

符号及含义"

符号	含义
决策变量
$p i$	表示碳减排投资模式为 $i$ 时，最终产品单位零售价格, $i ∈ {H O, H M, H U, H C, H N, H Z}$
$q i$	代表碳减排投资模式为 $i$ 时产品销售量, $i ∈ {H O, H M, H U, H C, H N, H Z}$
$w i$	表示碳减排投资模式为 $i$ 时，单位零部件产品价格， $i ∈ {H O, H M, H U, H N}$
$λ i m, λ i o$	表示碳减排模式为 $i$ 时，生产商与零部件商的碳减排水平, $i ∈ {H O, H M, H U, H C}$
相关参数
$m, o$	分别表示生产商及零部件商
$H O, H M, H U, H C$	分别表示零部件商进行碳减排投资、生产商进行碳减排投资、二者同时进行减排投资、集中决策碳减排投资情形
$H N, H Z$	分别表示供应链上下游均不进行减排投资时的分散决策与集中决策模式
$c m$	表示生产商生产单位产品所花费成本
$c o$	表示零部件商生产单位零部件所花费成本
$h$	表示碳减排投资带给单位产品的减排系数
$E$	代表碳配额交易下规定的总量碳配额
$p e$	碳交易市场购买/出售单位碳排放权所支付/收取的价格，也即碳交易价格
$e n$	表示单位最终产品对环境产生的影响
$π i m, π i o$	分别表示碳减排投资模式为 $i$ 时，生产商及零部件商利润， $i ∈ {H O, H M, H U, H C, H N, H Z}$

表1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

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