中国管理科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 37-48.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2022.1059
隋聪1,2(), 任昭诺1, 施文磊1, 赵鑫2, 王文洋1,2
收稿日期:
2022-05-12
修回日期:
2022-12-18
出版日期:
2024-12-25
发布日期:
2025-01-02
通讯作者:
隋聪
E-mail:suicong2004@163.com
基金资助:
Cong Sui1,2(), Zhaonuo Ren1, Wenlei Shi1, Xin Zhao2, Wenyang Wang1,2
Received:
2022-05-12
Revised:
2022-12-18
Online:
2024-12-25
Published:
2025-01-02
Contact:
Cong Sui
E-mail:suicong2004@163.com
摘要:
航运市场具有很高的波动性,船舶风险管理对于船东、造船厂以及投资者具有重要意义。本文通过BDI指数、TC期租及分航线运费所对应的FFA合约,分别利用直接累加和贴现累加两种方法构造了不同期限的投资组合。利用FFA投资组合对主要的干散货船舶(好望角、巴拿马、超灵便),分别进行静态、动态套期保值研究。研究发现,第一,整体上看,动态套期保值效果好于静态套期保值。第二,TC期租的FFA投资组合的套期保值效果更好。第三,在动态套期保值中,贴现累加法的效果要优于直接累加法。本研究为航运市场参与者提供了风险管理的理论依据和操作策略。
中图分类号:
隋聪, 任昭诺, 施文磊, 赵鑫, 王文洋. 干散货船舶市场的套期保值研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2024, 32(12): 37-48.
Cong Sui, Zhaonuo Ren, Wenlei Shi, Xin Zhao, Wenyang Wang. Study on Hedging of Dry Bulk Ship Market[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2024, 32(12): 37-48.
表2
不同航线(或期租)的FFA合约"
船型 | 航线(或期租) | FFA合约 |
---|---|---|
好望角型 | CCURMON、1MON、2MON、3MON、4MON、5MON、CURRQ、1Q、2Q、3Q、4Q、5Q、6Q、1CAL、2CAL、3CAL、4CAL、5CAL、6CAL、7CAL | |
C3 | CCURMON、1MON、2MON、3MON、4MON、5MON、CURRQ、1Q、2Q、3Q、4Q、1CAL、2CAL、3CAL | |
C7 | CCURMON、1MON、2MON、3MON、4MON、5MON、CURRQ、1Q、2Q、3Q、4Q、1CAL、2CAL、3CAL、4CAL、5CAL | |
巴拿马型 | CCURMON、1MON、2MON、3MON、4MON、5MON、CURRQ、1Q、2Q、3Q、4Q、5Q、6Q、1CAL、2CAL、3CAL、4CAL、5CAL、6CAL、7CAL | |
P8 | CCURMON、1MON、2MON、3MON、4MON、5MON、CURRQ、1Q、2Q、3Q、4Q、1CAL、2CAL | |
超灵便型 | CCURMON、1MON、2MON、3MON、4MON、5MON、CURRQ、1Q、2Q、3Q、4Q、1CAL、2CAL、3CAL、4CAL、5CAL、6CAL、7CAL | |
BDI | CCURMON、1MON、2MON、3MON、4MON、5MON、CURRQ、1Q、2Q、3Q、4Q、1CAL、2CAL、3CAL、4CAL、5CAL、6CAL、7CAL |
表3
FFA投资组合描述性统计结果"
价格指数 | 均值 | 最大值 | 最小值 | 标准差 | 偏度 | 峰度 | ADF |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Panel A:BDI的FFA投资组合 | |||||||
1.398E-03 | 0.035 | 0.110 | -0.208 | -2.022 | 10.552 | [0.000] | |
8.534E-04 | 0.020 | 0.058 | -0.100 | -1.141 | 4.024 | [0.000] | |
7.208E-04 | 0.015 | 0.039 | -0.066 | -0.909 | 2.471 | [0.000] | |
6.686E-04 | 0.012 | 0.030 | -0.049 | -0.852 | 2.133 | [0.000] | |
6.365E-04 | 0.010 | 0.024 | -0.041 | -0.821 | 2.044 | [0.000] | |
6.057E-04 | 0.009 | 0.020 | -0.036 | -0.791 | 2.044 | [0.000] | |
5.824E-04 | 0.008 | 0.018 | -0.033 | -0.769 | 2.057 | [0.000] | |
Panel B:二手船价格 | |||||||
4.782E-04 | 0.059 | -0.020 | 0.007 | 3.480 | 29.253 | [0.000] | |
3.669E-04 | 0.070 | -0.026 | 0.009 | 2.576 | 18.166 | [0.000] | |
5.229E-04 | 0.056 | -0.043 | 0.010 | 0.120 | 7.901 | [0.000] | |
2.971E-04 | 0.058 | -0.084 | 0.011 | -1.661 | 23.573 | [0.000] | |
4.625E-04 | 0.018 | -0.026 | 0.006 | -0.270 | 4.902 | [0.000] | |
7.555E-04 | 0.033 | -0.030 | 0.008 | 0.561 | 4.460 | [0.000] | |
1.050E-03 | 0.038 | -0.026 | 0.009 | 1.027 | 5.187 | [0.003] | |
4.993E-04 | 0.051 | -0.051 | 0.011 | 0.208 | 7.514 | [0.000] | |
4.675E-04 | 0.022 | -0.023 | 0.006 | -0.053 | 3.489 | [0.000] | |
7.956E-04 | 0.060 | -0.023 | 0.009 | 1.728 | 11.295 | [0.000] | |
9.876E-04 | 0.052 | -0.032 | 0.010 | 1.513 | 8.810 | [0.002] | |
4.741E-04 | 0.119 | -0.051 | 0.015 | 2.772 | 22.791 | [0.000] |
表4
二手船与FFA投资组合相关系数"
价格指数 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.581 | 0.633 | 0.684 | 0.734 | 0.778 | 0.815 | 0.845 | |
0.698 | 0.767 | 0.810 | 0.846 | 0.875 | 0.898 | 0.914 | |
0.710 | 0.778 | 0.824 | 0.862 | 0.892 | 0.915 | 0.931 | |
0.608 | 0.678 | 0.729 | 0.774 | 0.811 | 0.840 | 0.863 | |
0.650 | 0.718 | 0.769 | 0.815 | 0.855 | 0.886 | 0.910 | |
0.669 | 0.740 | 0.793 | 0.839 | 0.877 | 0.907 | 0.929 | |
0.683 | 0.761 | 0.812 | 0.855 | 0.888 | 0.913 | 0.932 | |
0.705 | 0.777 | 0.822 | 0.859 | 0.890 | 0.912 | 0.927 | |
0.585 | 0.656 | 0.709 | 0.758 | 0.799 | 0.833 | 0.859 | |
0.633 | 0.701 | 0.751 | 0.797 | 0.836 | 0.867 | 0.891 | |
0.609 | 0.687 | 0.743 | 0.793 | 0.835 | 0.869 | 0.895 | |
0.553 | 0.624 | 0.678 | 0.727 | 0.770 | 0.806 | 0.833 |
表5
BDI和TC的FFA投资组合对好望角型船的静态套期保值结果"
价格指数 | 5年 | 10年 | 15年 | 20年 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | |
Panel A: BDI | ||||||||
0.153 | 0.406 | 0.342 | 0.600 | 0.362 | 0.702 | 0.356 | 0.513 | |
0.220 | 0.451 | 0.488 | 0.659 | 0.509 | 0.751 | 0.507 | 0.563 | |
0.278 | 0.474 | 0.614 | 0.684 | 0.637 | 0.768 | 0.640 | 0.587 | |
0.340 | 0.499 | 0.744 | 0.708 | 0.767 | 0.785 | 0.778 | 0.610 | |
0.406 | 0.527 | 0.878 | 0.731 | 0.899 | 0.801 | 0.920 | 0.634 | |
0.477 | 0.553 | 1.021 | 0.752 | 1.040 | 0.815 | 1.074 | 0.656 | |
0.553 | 0.577 | 1.173 | 0.770 | 1.188 | 0.826 | 1.238 | 0.678 | |
Panel B: | ||||||||
0.179 | 0.419 | 0.391 | 0.597 | 0.406 | 0.674 | 0.404 | 0.504 | |
0.238 | 0.443 | 0.524 | 0.635 | 0.545 | 0.719 | 0.544 | 0.541 | |
0.301 | 0.459 | 0.660 | 0.654 | 0.685 | 0.736 | 0.688 | 0.561 | |
0.372 | 0.482 | 0.808 | 0.675 | 0.834 | 0.752 | 0.844 | 0.582 | |
0.450 | 0.508 | 0.966 | 0.695 | 0.993 | 0.766 | 1.013 | 0.602 | |
0.538 | 0.533 | 1.143 | 0.713 | 1.170 | 0.781 | 1.204 | 0.625 | |
0.634 | 0.554 | 1.334 | 0.729 | 1.361 | 0.792 | 1.414 | 0.646 |
表6
BDI和TC的FFA投资组合对巴拿马型船的静态套期保值结果"
价格指数 | 5年 | 10年 | 15年 | 20年 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | |
Panel A: BDI | ||||||||
0.235 | 0.533 | 0.380 | 0.684 | 0.456 | 0.657 | 0.550 | 0.563 | |
0.339 | 0.600 | 0.538 | 0.738 | 0.651 | 0.721 | 0.786 | 0.620 | |
0.430 | 0.630 | 0.675 | 0.761 | 0.820 | 0.748 | 0.995 | 0.649 | |
0.525 | 0.663 | 0.817 | 0.787 | 0.992 | 0.773 | 1.213 | 0.681 | |
0.626 | 0.698 | 0.965 | 0.813 | 1.169 | 0.796 | 1.442 | 0.714 | |
0.733 | 0.729 | 1.122 | 0.836 | 1.357 | 0.816 | 1.687 | 0.743 | |
0.845 | 0.753 | 1.287 | 0.855 | 1.556 | 0.833 | 1.945 | 0.767 | |
Panel B: | ||||||||
0.289 | 0.633 | 0.456 | 0.779 | 0.558 | 0.764 | 0.684 | 0.662 | |
0.382 | 0.657 | 0.600 | 0.801 | 0.736 | 0.790 | 0.902 | 0.683 | |
0.469 | 0.675 | 0.734 | 0.816 | 0.903 | 0.809 | 1.109 | 0.703 | |
0.560 | 0.703 | 0.870 | 0.839 | 1.071 | 0.832 | 1.324 | 0.733 | |
0.654 | 0.733 | 1.009 | 0.862 | 1.240 | 0.853 | 1.547 | 0.765 | |
0.758 | 0.759 | 1.161 | 0.881 | 1.426 | 0.870 | 1.793 | 0.793 | |
0.870 | 0.778 | 1.327 | 0.895 | 1.629 | 0.885 | 2.062 | 0.816 |
表7
BDI和TC的FFA投资组合对超灵便型船的静态套期保值结果"
价格指数 | 5年 | 10年 | 15年 | 20年 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | |
Panel A: BDI | ||||||||
0.276 | 0.390 | 0.393 | 0.479 | 0.456 | 0.466 | 0.464 | 0.259 | |
0.408 | 0.459 | 0.572 | 0.548 | 0.668 | 0.541 | 0.694 | 0.312 | |
0.522 | 0.492 | 0.727 | 0.580 | 0.853 | 0.575 | 0.902 | 0.345 | |
0.644 | 0.528 | 0.890 | 0.612 | 1.047 | 0.611 | 1.131 | 0.383 | |
0.773 | 0.566 | 1.061 | 0.646 | 1.252 | 0.649 | 1.385 | 0.426 | |
0.914 | 0.601 | 1.246 | 0.677 | 1.475 | 0.684 | 1.667 | 0.470 | |
1.063 | 0.631 | 1.441 | 0.704 | 1.709 | 0.714 | 1.968 | 0.508 | |
Panel B: | ||||||||
0.329 | 0.547 | 0.457 | 0.641 | 0.536 | 0.638 | 0.589 | 0.412 | |
0.441 | 0.579 | 0.608 | 0.668 | 0.716 | 0.669 | 0.791 | 0.438 | |
0.544 | 0.599 | 0.748 | 0.687 | 0.882 | 0.688 | 0.983 | 0.460 | |
0.649 | 0.624 | 0.889 | 0.709 | 1.049 | 0.713 | 1.187 | 0.490 | |
0.757 | 0.653 | 1.030 | 0.735 | 1.219 | 0.742 | 1.402 | 0.527 | |
0.864 | 0.680 | 1.171 | 0.758 | 1.390 | 0.770 | 1.625 | 0.565 | |
0.971 | 0.706 | 1.310 | 0.780 | 1.559 | 0.796 | 1.852 | 0.603 |
表8
所有FFA投资组合对二手船的静态套期保值结果"
5年 | 10年 | 15年 | 20年 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
船型 | 航线 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 组合年限 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 组合年限 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 组合年限 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 组合年限 |
Panel A:直接累加 | |||||||||||||
好望 角型 | BDI | 0.553 | 0.577 | 7 | 1.173 | 0.770 | 7 | 1.188 | 0.826 | 7 | 1.238 | 0.678 | 7 |
0.634 | 0.554 | 7 | 1.334 | 0.729 | 7 | 1.361 | 0.792 | 7 | 1.414 | 0.646 | 7 | ||
C3 | 0.543 | 0.764 | 2 | 1.048 | 0.843 | 2 | 0.989 | 0.784 | 2 | 1.649 | 0.863 | 4 | |
C7 | 0.529 | 0.736 | 4 | 0.865 | 0.855 | 2 | 0.830 | 0.821 | 2 | 1.217 | 0.911 | 4 | |
巴拿 马型 | BDI | 0.845 | 0.753 | 7 | 1.287 | 0.855 | 7 | 1.556 | 0.833 | 7 | 1.945 | 0.767 | 7 |
0.870 | 0.778 | 7 | 1.327 | 0.895 | 7 | 1.629 | 0.885 | 7 | 2.062 | 0.816 | 7 | ||
P8 | 0.663 | 0.648 | 1 | 0.970 | 0.679 | 1 | 1.183 | 0.673 | 1 | 1.586 | 0.714 | 1 | |
超灵 便型 | BDI | 1.063 | 0.631 | 7 | 1.441 | 0.704 | 7 | 1.709 | 0.714 | 7 | 1.968 | 0.508 | 7 |
0.971 | 0.706 | 7 | 1.310 | 0.780 | 7 | 1.559 | 0.796 | 7 | 1.852 | 0.603 | 7 | ||
Panel B:贴现累加 | |||||||||||||
好望 角型 | BDI | 0.291 | 0.439 | 4 | 0.562 | 0.643 | 3 | 0.587 | 0.734 | 3 | 0.478 | 0.532 | 2 |
0.226 | 0.425 | 2 | 0.602 | 0.617 | 3 | 0.630 | 0.706 | 3 | 0.512 | 0.512 | 2 | ||
C3 | 0.529 | 0.755 | 2 | 1.427 | 0.851 | 4 | 0.984 | 0.808 | 2 | 1.608 | 0.852 | 4 | |
C7 | 0.514 | 0.735 | 4 | 1.086 | 0.875 | 5 | 0.823 | 0.839 | 2 | 1.162 | 0.879 | 4 | |
巴拿 马型 | BDI | 0.573 | 0.640 | 6 | 0.815 | 0.759 | 5 | 0.874 | 0.722 | 4 | 1.344 | 0.678 | 6 |
0.656 | 0.729 | 7 | 1.020 | 0.871 | 7 | 1.041 | 0.806 | 5 | 1.564 | 0.773 | 7 | ||
P8 | 0.660 | 0.658 | 1 | 0.970 | 0.695 | 1 | 1.177 | 0.683 | 1 | 1.584 | 0.729 | 1 | |
超灵 便型 | BDI | 0.611 | 0.462 | 5 | 0.857 | 0.550 | 5 | 1.121 | 0.569 | 6 | 1.220 | 0.361 | 6 |
0.418 | 0.554 | 2 | 0.580 | 0.646 | 2 | 0.928 | 0.658 | 4 | 1.244 | 0.452 | 6 |
表9
BDI和TC的FFA投资组合对好望角型船的动态套期保值结果"
价格指数 | 5年 | 10年 | 15年 | 20年 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | |
Panel A: BDI | ||||||||
0.143 | 0.626 | 0.279 | 0.647 | 0.310 | 0.547 | 0.246 | 0.548 | |
0.201 | 0.598 | 0.386 | 0.622 | 0.412 | 0.538 | 0.469 | 0.524 | |
0.233 | 0.624 | 0.462 | 0.640 | 0.513 | 0.560 | 0.500 | 0.518 | |
0.277 | 0.638 | 0.551 | 0.660 | 0.624 | 0.571 | 0.490 | 0.530 | |
0.302 | 0.642 | 0.626 | 0.657 | 0.728 | 0.566 | 0.497 | 0.531 | |
0.282 | 0.633 | 0.664 | 0.633 | 0.908 | 0.520 | 0.563 | 0.520 | |
0.392 | 0.638 | 0.839 | 0.641 | 1.076 | 0.569 | 0.472 | 0.529 | |
Panel B: | ||||||||
0.136 | 0.587 | 0.277 | 0.610 | 0.330 | 0.552 | 0.220 | 0.496 | |
0.131 | 0.643 | 0.314 | 0.675 | 0.382 | 0.585 | 0.288 | 0.507 | |
0.166 | 0.652 | 0.392 | 0.675 | 0.471 | 0.602 | 0.392 | 0.511 | |
0.181 | 0.653 | 0.443 | 0.678 | 0.549 | 0.612 | 0.433 | 0.512 | |
0.247 | 0.645 | 0.582 | 0.665 | 0.723 | 0.621 | 0.425 | 0.513 | |
0.416 | 0.645 | 0.821 | 0.636 | 0.920 | 0.643 | 0.835 | 0.523 | |
0.545 | 0.651 | 0.965 | 0.634 | 1.042 | 0.649 | 0.891 | 0.551 |
表10
BDI和TC的FFA投资组合对巴拿马型船的动态套期保值结果"
价格指数 | 5年 | 10年 | 15年 | 20年 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | |
Panel A: BDI | ||||||||
0.244 | 0.673 | 0.316 | 0.659 | 0.360 | 0.624 | 0.395 | 0.704 | |
0.330 | 0.652 | 0.406 | 0.645 | 0.479 | 0.638 | 0.547 | 0.706 | |
0.391 | 0.669 | 0.516 | 0.658 | 0.577 | 0.642 | 0.653 | 0.707 | |
0.499 | 0.663 | 0.614 | 0.658 | 0.673 | 0.637 | 0.671 | 0.708 | |
0.582 | 0.663 | 0.691 | 0.660 | 0.794 | 0.591 | 0.721 | 0.707 | |
0.644 | 0.649 | 0.792 | 0.605 | 0.883 | 0.577 | 0.879 | 0.695 | |
0.841 | 0.656 | 1.016 | 0.609 | 1.070 | 0.573 | 1.066 | 0.693 | |
Panel B: | ||||||||
0.366 | 0.666 | 0.502 | 0.607 | 0.454 | 0.641 | 0.699 | 0.644 | |
0.438 | 0.655 | 0.624 | 0.632 | 0.565 | 0.543 | 0.853 | 0.649 | |
0.493 | 0.678 | 0.724 | 0.646 | 0.650 | 0.538 | 0.963 | 0.652 | |
0.634 | 0.682 | 0.896 | 0.656 | 0.794 | 0.538 | 1.233 | 0.643 | |
0.772 | 0.700 | 1.062 | 0.678 | 0.938 | 0.553 | 1.485 | 0.652 | |
0.974 | 0.717 | 1.262 | 0.701 | 1.114 | 0.581 | 1.680 | 0.661 | |
1.051 | 0.680 | 1.394 | 0.696 | 1.217 | 0.589 | 2.109 | 0.647 |
表11
BDI和TC的FFA投资组合对超灵便型船的动态套期保值结果"
价格指数 | 5年 | 10年 | 15年 | 20年 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | |
Panel A: BDI | ||||||||
0.261 | 0.580 | 0.337 | 0.659 | 0.418 | 0.622 | 0.280 | 0.710 | |
0.362 | 0.629 | 0.468 | 0.646 | 0.572 | 0.624 | 0.668 | 0.588 | |
0.370 | 0.645 | 0.542 | 0.663 | 0.599 | 0.653 | 0.636 | 0.688 | |
0.369 | 0.638 | 0.604 | 0.673 | 0.667 | 0.647 | 0.653 | 0.689 | |
0.450 | 0.592 | 0.650 | 0.670 | 0.729 | 0.646 | 0.645 | 0.684 | |
0.493 | 0.575 | 0.702 | 0.646 | 0.827 | 0.636 | 0.693 | 0.665 | |
0.537 | 0.576 | 0.856 | 0.652 | 0.918 | 0.661 | 0.861 | 0.662 | |
Panel B: | ||||||||
0.097 | 0.639 | 0.162 | 0.696 | 0.330 | 0.652 | 0.260 | 0.758 | |
0.168 | 0.595 | 0.210 | 0.713 | 0.403 | 0.673 | 0.321 | 0.747 | |
0.142 | 0.633 | 0.246 | 0.684 | 0.473 | 0.687 | 0.336 | 0.735 | |
0.137 | 0.600 | 0.259 | 0.682 | 0.535 | 0.689 | 0.533 | 0.693 | |
0.138 | 0.606 | 0.273 | 0.686 | 0.607 | 0.688 | 0.546 | 0.699 | |
0.026 | 0.623 | 0.353 | 0.689 | 0.725 | 0.708 | 0.712 | 0.704 | |
0.059 | 0.608 | 0.491 | 0.668 | 0.950 | 0.690 | 1.063 | 0.698 |
表12
所有FFA投资组合对二手船的动态(DCC-GARCH)套期保值结果"
5年 | 10年 | 15年 | 20年 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
船型 | 航线 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 组合年限 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 组合年限 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 组合年限 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 组合年限 |
Panel A:直接累加 | |||||||||||||
好望 角型 | BDI | 0.302 | 0.642 | 5 | 0.551 | 0.660 | 4 | 0.624 | 0.571 | 4 | 0.246 | 0.548 | 1 |
0.181 | 0.653 | 4 | 0.443 | 0.678 | 4 | 1.042 | 0.649 | 7 | 0.891 | 0.551 | 7 | ||
C3 | 0.567 | 0.626 | 2 | 0.867 | 0.597 | 2 | 0.844 | 0.632 | 2 | 1.112 | 0.655 | 3 | |
C7 | 0.604 | 0.627 | 5 | 0.700 | 0.626 | 2 | 0.816 | 0.635 | 4 | 0.990 | 0.674 | 4 | |
巴拿 马型 | BDI | 0.244 | 0.673 | 1 | 0.691 | 0.660 | 5 | 0.577 | 0.642 | 3 | 0.671 | 0.708 | 4 |
0.974 | 0.717 | 6 | 1.262 | 0.701 | 6 | 0.454 | 0.641 | 1 | 1.680 | 0.661 | 6 | ||
P8 | 0.382 | 0.558 | 1 | 0.568 | 0.705 | 1 | 0.696 | 0.584 | 1 | 1.032 | 0.659 | 1 | |
超灵 便型 | BDI | 0.370 | 0.645 | 3 | 0.604 | 0.673 | 4 | 0.918 | 0.661 | 7 | 0.280 | 0.710 | 1 |
0.097 | 0.639 | 1 | 0.210 | 0.713 | 2 | 0.725 | 0.708 | 6 | 0.260 | 0.758 | 1 | ||
Panel B:贴现累加 | |||||||||||||
好望 角型 | BDI | 0.223 | 0.651 | 6 | 0.410 | 0.687 | 4 | 0.637 | 0.585 | 7 | 0.658 | 0.559 | 7 |
0.255 | 0.654 | 3 | 0.669 | 0.717 | 7 | 0.658 | 0.618 | 7 | 0.408 | 0.581 | 1 | ||
C3 | 0.528 | 0.631 | 2 | 0.797 | 0.605 | 2 | 0.772 | 0.619 | 2 | 0.932 | 0.630 | 2 | |
C7 | 0.331 | 0.616 | 5 | 0.537 | 0.618 | 5 | 0.632 | 0.633 | 5 | 1.638 | 0.596 | 4 | |
巴拿 马型 | BDI | 0.521 | 0.678 | 7 | 0.754 | 0.713 | 7 | 0.939 | 0.659 | 7 | 1.275 | 0.755 | 7 |
0.307 | 0.746 | 2 | 0.936 | 0.712 | 7 | 0.455 | 0.739 | 2 | 1.145 | 0.702 | 6 | ||
P8 | 0.599 | 0.573 | 2 | 0.853 | 0.664 | 2 | 1.170 | 0.588 | 2 | 1.505 | 0.658 | 2 | |
超灵 便型 | BDI | 0.598 | 0.661 | 7 | 0.400 | 0.729 | 3 | 0.925 | 0.693 | 6 | 1.437 | 0.758 | 7 |
0.498 | 0.692 | 7 | 0.662 | 0.754 | 7 | 0.762 | 0.727 | 7 | 0.801 | 0.790 | 6 |
表13
所有FFA投资组合对二手船的动态(BEKK-GARCH)套期保值结果"
5年 | 10年 | 15年 | 20年 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
船型 | 航线 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 组合年限 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 组合年限 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 组合年限 | 套保比率 | 套保效率 | 组合年限 |
Panel A:直接累加 | |||||||||||||
好望 角型 | BDI | 0.164 | 0.708 | 1 | 0.623 | 0.722 | 4 | 0.854 | 0.733 | 7 | 0.670 | 0.678 | 5 |
0.429 | 0.749 | 5 | 0.819 | 0.748 | 5 | 1.063 | 0.750 | 6 | 0.926 | 0.546 | 7 | ||
C3 | 0.449 | 0.663 | 2 | 0.722 | 0.690 | 2 | 0.710 | 0.546 | 2 | 0.785 | 0.597 | 2 | |
C7 | 0.383 | 0.721 | 2 | 1.012 | 0.758 | 3 | 0.802 | 0.639 | 3 | 0.835 | 0.740 | 5 | |
巴拿 马型 | BDI | 0.480 | 0.788 | 4 | 0.715 | 0.764 | 6 | 1.009 | 0.769 | 6 | 1.115 | 0.770 | 4 |
0.513 | 0.849 | 4 | 1.064 | 0.771 | 7 | 0.912 | 0.838 | 4 | 1.013 | 0.624 | 5 | ||
P8 | 0.669 | 0.616 | 2 | 0.913 | 0.534 | 2 | 1.410 | 0.678 | 3 | 1.605 | 0.556 | 2 | |
超灵 便型 | BDI | 0.664 | 0.770 | 5 | 0.998 | 0.759 | 7 | 0.935 | 0.781 | 4 | 1.166 | 0.694 | 3 |
0.531 | 0.797 | 3 | 0.750 | 0.795 | 4 | 0.631 | 0.810 | 2 | 1.257 | 0.746 | 3 | ||
Panel B:贴现累加 | |||||||||||||
好望 角型 | BDI | 0.040 | 0.662 | 6 | 0.146 | 0.802 | 7 | 0.356 | 0.789 | 7 | 0.114 | 0.699 | 5 |
0.338 | 0.721 | 3 | 0.732 | 0.731 | 6 | 0.543 | 0.728 | 2 | 0.654 | 0.677 | 6 | ||
C3 | 0.534 | 0.618 | 3 | 0.630 | 0.696 | 1 | 0.658 | 0.581 | 2 | 0.622 | 0.565 | 1 | |
C7 | 0.355 | 0.703 | 4 | 0.774 | 0.773 | 2 | 0.627 | 0.609 | 3 | 0.689 | 0.657 | 2 | |
巴拿 马型 | BDI | 0.314 | 0.832 | 6 | 0.625 | 0.831 | 7 | 0.542 | 0.820 | 6 | 0.959 | 0.813 | 5 |
0.455 | 0.859 | 5 | 0.770 | 0.822 | 5 | 0.488 | 0.774 | 1 | 0.955 | 0.548 | 7 | ||
P8 | 0.751 | 0.603 | 2 | 1.164 | 0.494 | 3 | 1.079 | 0.598 | 2 | 1.643 | 0.587 | 2 | |
超灵 便型 | BDI | 0.056 | 0.839 | 7 | 0.561 | 0.781 | 4 | 0.586 | 0.851 | 7 | 0.415 | 0.767 | 6 |
-0.075 | 0.864 | 7 | 0.189 | 0.809 | 5 | 0.409 | 0.827 | 6 | 0.034 | 0.821 | 7 |
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