C＆T和政府补贴下的绿色技术选择与产品定价研究

doi:10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2021.1779

Abstract

Abstract:

In this paper， under the background of carbon emission cap and trade （C＆T） policy， the Stackelberg game model of maximizing government welfare and controlling and emission enterprise’s profit is constructed to explore the choice of green technology and product pricing decisions of controlling and emission enterprises under different government subsidies （unit product subsidy and green technology cost subsidy）. Furthermore， the influence of different government subsidies on carbon emission control enterprises and social welfare is further analyzed. The results show that compared with the cost subsidy of green technology， the optimal price of unit product subsidy is higher， and will lead to more green production and consumption. The cost subsidy of green technology has lower carbon emissions and higher corporate profits. When the total budget of government subsidy is the same， the cost subsidy of green technology is more likely to encourage enterprises to invest in green technology. It is shown that government subsidies cannot guarantee the investment in green technologies and the reduction of total carbon emissions of enterprises， but depend on the range of green technology cost， carbon emission reduction rate and carbon emission intensity of enterprises. In addition， the social welfare under unit product subsidy is better than the social welfare under green technology cost subsidy. Numerical experiments verify the results of this paper. Finally， some suggestions on government subsidy policy are given.

Key words: C&T, government subsidies, pricing, green consumption preference, green technology selection

CLC Number:

F272.3

Yanchun Pan,Xiaochen Ma. Green Technology Selection and Product Pricing Research under C＆T and Government Subsidies[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2024, 32(2): 99-107.

Figures/Tables 10

变量	描述
$a$	产品市场容量
$b$	产品需求弹性
$λ$	绿色消费偏好， $0 < λ < 1$
$r$	采用绿色技术后单位产品碳减排率， $0 < r < 1$
$e$	单位产品碳排放
$E$	企业总排放
$c g$	绿色技术投资成本
$u$	单位产品生产成本
$π$	企业收益
$p e$	碳价
$q$	产量
$A$	政府分配的免费碳配额
$l$	受绿色消费偏好影响，单位碳排放带来的最大需求下降
$v$	环境损害系数
$S W$	社会福利
$? π i j = π i - π j$	不同模型之间企业的利润之差，其中， $i, j = 0,1, 2$ 分别代表模型 $M 1 、 M 2 、 M 3$
$? E i j = E i - E j$	不同模型之间企业的碳排放之差
$? S W i j = S W i - S W j$	不同模型之间社会福利之差
决策变量
$p$	产品价格
$z$	是否投资绿色技术， $z = 1$ 表示投资； $z = 0$ 表示不投资
$s$	单位产品补贴大小
$k$	绿色技术成本补贴率， $0 < k < 1$

参数	$M 1$	$M 2$
$p *$	$a - λ l e (1 - r) + b (p e e (1 - r) + u + s) 2 b$	$a - λ l e (1 - r) + b (p e e (1 - r) + u) 2 b$
$q *$	$a - λ l e (1 - r) - b (p e e (1 - r) + u - s) 2$	$a - λ l e (1 - r) - b (p e e (1 - r) + u) 2$
$π *$	$[a - λ l e (1 - r) - b (p e e (1 - r) + u - s)] 2 4 b + p e A - c g$	$[a - λ l e (1 - r) - b (p e e (1 - r) + u)] 2 4 b + p e A - (1 - k) c g$
$E *$	$a - λ l e (1 - r) - b (p e e (1 - r) + u - s) 2 e (1 - r)$	$a - λ l e (1 - r) - b (p e e (1 - r) + u) 2 e (1 - r)$

参数	$M 0$	$M 1$	$M 2$
$p *$	$a - λ l e + b (p e e + u) 2 b$	$a - e (1 - r) (b v + λ l) b$	$a - λ l e (1 - r) + b (u + p e e (1 - r)) 2 b$
$q *$	$a - λ l e - b (p e e + u) 2$	$a - λ l e (1 - r) - b (u + e (1 - r) (p e + v))$	$a - λ l e (1 - r) - b (u + p e e (1 - r)) 2$
$π *$	$[a - λ l e - b (p e e + u)] 2 4 b + p e A$	$[a - λ l e (1 - r) - b (u + e (1 - r) (p e + v))] 2 b + p e A - c g$	$[a - λ l e (1 - r) - b (u + p e e (1 - r))] 2 4 b + p e A - (1 - k) c g$
$E *$	$a - λ l e - b (p e e + u) 2 e$	$a - λ l e (1 - r) - b (u + e (1 - r) (p e + v)) e (1 - r)$	$a - λ l e (1 - r) - b (u + p e e (1 - r)) 2 e (1 - r)$
$S W *$	$(a - λ l e - b (p e e + u)) F + p e A$	$[a - λ l e (1 - r) - b (u + e (1 - r) (p e + v))] 2 2 b + p e A - c g$	$(a - λ l e (1 - r) - b (u + p e e (1 - r))) N + p e A - c g$

补贴方式	$c g$	$e$	$z$
	$c g ≥ c g 1$	$? e$	0
单位产品补贴	$c g < c g 1$	$e ∈ (e 1 m i n, m i n e 1 m a x, a + b u λ l - b p e)$	1
		$e < e 1 m i n$ 或 $e > e 1 m a x$	0
	$c g ≥ c g 2$	$? e$	0
绿色技术成本补贴	$c g < c g 2$	$e ∈ (e 2 m i n, m i n e 2 m a x, a + b u λ l - b p e)$	1
		$e < e 2 m i n$ 或 $e > e 2 m a x$	0

补贴方式	$r$	$e$	$? E i 0$
	$0 < r ≤ 1 - 22$	$0 < e < m i n e 1, a + b u λ l - b p e$	$? E 10 > 0$
		$m i n e 1, a + b u λ l - b p e < e < a + b u λ l - b p e$	$? E 10 < 0$
单位产品补贴	$1 - 22 < r ≤ 1 - λ l + b p e 2 (b (p e + v) + λ l)$	$e < a + b u λ l - b p e$	$? E 10 > 0$
	$1 - λ l + b p e 2 (b (p e + v) + λ l) ? < r ≤ 12$		$? E 10 < 0$
	$12 < r ≤ 1$	$0 < e < m i n e 1, a + b u λ l - b p e$	$? E 10 > 0$
		$m i n e 1, a + b u λ l - b p e < e < a + b u λ l - b p e$	$? E 10 < 0$
绿色技术成本补贴	$0 < r < 1$	$0 < e < m i n e 2, a + b u λ l - b p e$	$? E 20 > 0$
		$m i n e 2, a + b u λ l - b p e < e < a + b u λ l - b p e$	$? E 20 < 0$

模型参数	取值	单位
$a$	$2 × 106$	$m 2$
$b$	1200	$m 2 / 元$
$u$	700	$元 / m 2$
$r$	0.08
$e$	0.086	吨 $C o 2 E / m 2$
$A$	$4 × 104$	吨 $C o 2 E$
$c g$	$1.79 × 105$	元
$p e$	45	$元 / 吨 C o 2 E$

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Green Technology Selection and Product Pricing Research under C＆T and Government Subsidies

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